Sodium Cyanide Is A Cyanide Salt With Equal Amounts Of Sodium Cations And Cyanide Anions

Sodium Cyanide
Sodium Cyanide

Sodium Cyanide, abbreviated NaCN, is a poisonous compound. It is a water-soluble white solid. Because cyanide has a high affinity for metals, it is extremely toxic. Its primary application, gold mining, takes advantage of its high reactivity to metals. It has a moderately strong foundation. Because the salt is derived from a weak acid, hydrolysis easily converts cyanide to HCN; the moist solid emits small amounts of hydrogen cyanide, which is thought to smell like bitter almonds. When cyanide reacts quickly with strong acids, it produces hydrogen cyanide. This hazardous process poses a significant risk in the presence of cyanide salts. It is most efficiently detoxified with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce sodium cyanate (NaOCN) and water.

Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process) is the most common method of extracting gold, which is often obtained from low-grade ore. This accounts for more than 70% of global cyanide consumption. The application takes advantage of gold(Ihigh )'s affinity for cyanide, which causes gold metal to oxidise and dissolve in the presence of air (oxygen) and water, resulting in the salt sodium dicyanoaurate. Sodium Cyanide is the source of several commercially important chemical compounds, including cyanuric chloride, cyanogen chloride, and many nitriles. Cyanide, a strong nucleophile, is used in organic synthesis to prepare nitriles, which are found in many chemicals, including pharmaceuticals. The reaction of benzyl chloride and cyanide to produce benzyl cyanide is an example. 

When dry, cyanide has no odour. Sodium Cyanide Market is shipped in the form of pellets or briquettes. It absorbs water from the atmosphere (is hygroscopic or deliquescent). Cyanide, like other soluble cyanide salts, is one of the fastest acting poisons known. NaCN is a strong inhibitor of respiration, inhibiting electron transport by acting on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase. As a result, oxidative metabolism and oxygen utilisation are reduced. Lactic acidosis develops as a result of anaerobic metabolism. A single oral dose of 200-300 mg can be fatal.

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