Consumer Floriculture; Branch of Horticulture Associated With Flower and Ornamental Crops

Consumer Floriculture
Consumer Floriculture

Consumer Floriculture, also known as flower farming, is a division of horticulture concerned with the cultivation and management of flowering, ornamental, and foliage plants for gardens and floristry. It can be defined as the art and knowledge of growing flowers to perfection. It is essentially concerned with the development and cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry. In short, consumer floriculture is the cultivation and trade of flowers. It encompasses flower production, processing, marketing, and distribution.

Floriculture is an international, multi-billion dollar industry that deals with the cultivation and management of flowering. Consumer Floriculture covers the whole spectrum including understanding and improving all aspects of bud and flower formation, budding and grafting, room requirements, breeding of new varieties & strains, irrigation, plant nutrition, pest management, greenhouse requirements, and includes marketing and selling for use as raw material in pharmaceutical and cosmetics & personal care industries.

Floriculture is not only related to the cultivation of flowers but is also related to the cultivation of ornamental plants for gardens. Consumer Floriculture deals with cut/loose flowers, ornamental plants, such as foliage plants, dried flowers, cacti and succulents, bamboo, palms, climbers, shrubs, trees, essential oils, and landscape gardening, among others. The important floricultural crops in the international cut flower trade are rose, chrysanthemum, carnation, gerbera, orchids, gladiolus, lilies, tulip, and anthurium.

The production and trade of floriculture have increased steadily over the last 10 years, especially in the Asia Pacific (APAC) region. In India, cultivation is undertaken in both open farm conditions as well as state-of-the-art poly and greenhouses. According to the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority, India's total export of Consumer Floriculture was around US$ 77.84 million (Rs. 575.98 Crores) in 2020-21. Moreover, the expert committee set up by Govt. of India has identified New Delhi, Pune, Bangalore, and Hyderabad as the major areas suitable for such activity, especially for cut flowers.

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